The Centre is strengthening fertilizer security by securing long-term supplies of key raw materials while promoting sustainable agricultural practices to reduce excessive urea consumption, Union Minister Jagat Prakash Nadda informed the Lok Sabha on Friday.
Strategic Agreements to Mitigate Geopolitical Risks
Amid global uncertainties, India continues to rely heavily on imports for critical fertilizer inputs such as rock phosphate, sulphur, ammonia, and natural gas. To address potential supply disruptions, the Department of Fertilizers has signed multiple Long-Term Agreements (LTAs) and Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) with resource-rich countries.
These agreements aim to ensure a stable and uninterrupted supply for domestic fertilizer production. Current estimates show high import dependence, including 100% import dependence for muriate of potash; 86% for rock phosphate; 78% for natural gas used in the urea sector; 75% for ammonia and over 50% for sulphur and phosphoric acid.
To reduce this dependence, the government is encouraging domestic production through the Nutrient-Based Subsidy (NBS) Scheme, under which new DAP and NPK plants with a combined capacity of 59.65 lakh metric tonnes (LMT) are being set up, along with phosphoric and sulphuric acid units of 44.21 LMT capacity.
Additionally, under the National Green Hydrogen Mission, provisions have been made to procure 7.24 LMT of green ammonia for the fertilizer sector.
Push for Balanced Fertilization
The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has recommended a shift towards balanced and scientific nutrient management to reduce over-reliance on urea and improve soil health.
Key recommendations include soil test-based fertilization tailored to crop requirements; balanced use of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK); and adoption of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM), combining chemical fertilizers with organic inputs such as compost, manure, and biofertilizers.
Promoting Efficient and Sustainable Practices.
To enhance fertilizer efficiency and reduce wastage, farmers are being encouraged to adopt modern techniques such as split application of nitrogen; proper placement of fertilizers; use of slow-release fertilizers and neem-coated urea; and adoption of nitrification inhibitors to minimise nutrient losses.
Organic farming practices and biofertilizers are also being promoted to support sustainable nutrient supply and reduce environmental impact.
Capacity Building and Farmer Awareness
ICAR is actively conducting training, demonstrations, and awareness programmes to educate farmers on efficient fertilizer use and sustainable practices.
These initiatives aim to reduce excessive urea consumption, improve soil fertility, enhance crop productivity, and protect the environment.
