Renowned filmmaker Shyam Benegal, a trailblazer of India’s parallel cinema movement, passed away on Monday in Mumbai at the age of 90. The legendary director had been battling a prolonged kidney ailment and was receiving treatment at Wockhardt Hospital.

His funeral is scheduled for 10:00 am on Tuesday in Mumbai.

Widely regarded as one of the most influential filmmakers of post-1970s India, Benegal’s contributions to cinema earned him numerous accolades, including 18 National Film Awards, a Nandi Award, the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, Padma Shri, and Padma Bhushan. Just a few months ago, the director had celebrated his milestone 90th birthday in Mumbai.

Born in Hyderabad to Sridhar B. Benegal, a noted figure in photography, Shyam Benegal was a second cousin to celebrated filmmaker Guru Dutt. He began his creative journey as a copywriter and made his first documentary film, Gher Betha Ganga (1962), in Gujarati.

His early feature films—Ankur (1973), Nishant (1975), Manthan (1976), and Bhumika (1977)—firmly established him as a pioneer of the New Wave cinema movement in India.

From 1980 to 1986, Benegal served as the Director of the National Film Development Corporation (NFDC), where he contributed significantly to the growth of independent Indian cinema.

Benegal’s diverse storytelling style and ability to explore complex themes won him widespread acclaim. His 1983 film Mandi, a satirical take on politics and prostitution featuring Shabana Azmi and Smita Patil, remains a classic. With Trikal, based on the waning days of Portuguese rule in Goa, he delved deep into the intricacies of human relationships.

In the 1980s, amid a challenging phase for parallel cinema marked by declining funding due to the advent of VCRs, Benegal adapted to the changing landscape of Indian entertainment. He turned to television, creating the iconic series Bharat Ek Khoj, which chronicled the history of India and became a cultural milestone.