The 46th Gulf Cooperation Council Summit concluded in Manama with leaders adopting the Sakhir Declaration, reaffirming their commitment to deeper political, security and economic integration. Hosted at Bahrain’s Sakhir Palace, the meeting brought together the heads of state of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates at a time of heightened regional tensions.
The declaration underscored the GCC’s collective security doctrine, stressing that the stability of member states is indivisible and that any violation of a country’s sovereignty constitutes a direct threat to the bloc. Leaders reiterated their rejection of foreign interference and the use of force in regional affairs. They also affirmed support for the two-state solution for Palestine and backed efforts to deliver humanitarian aid and rebuild Gaza.
Economic and technological cooperation featured prominently, with leaders calling for the strengthening of the GCC Common Market and Customs Union, enhancing intra-regional trade and tourism, and promoting investment in strategic projects. They highlighted the need to expand digital infrastructure, develop shared systems for e-commerce and digital payments, and advance joint initiatives in artificial intelligence and cybersecurity. The declaration also emphasised the GCC’s commitment to sustainability, including climate action, reducing emissions and supporting clean energy development. Member states pledged to work together on environmental protection and the preservation of natural and marine resources.
The leaders agreed to intensify cooperation against extremism, terrorism and organised crime, and to support joint naval security efforts based in Bahrain. They reiterated the goal of creating a Middle East free of nuclear weapons and weapons of mass destruction. The summit also voiced support for Bahrain as it prepares to represent the Arab Group as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council. Leaders welcomed the participation of Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni in bilateral discussions, which concluded with an agreement to develop a joint action plan to advance ties towards a comprehensive strategic partnership.
